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Biogas, a key renewable energy source

A pillar of energy transition and sovereignty, biogas is a renewable gas produced by the anaerobic decomposition of organic matter. It comes from sustainable resources and can be produced locally.

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Cuves Ecolys implantées au bord d'un casier d'ISDND

Origins and challenges of biogas

Biogas is a combustible gas derived from the anaerobic fermentation of organic matter, unlike natural gas, which is fossil-based.

The main sources of biogas include :

Agricultural or territorial methanization: agricultural waste, slurry, crop residues, etc.
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs): sewage sludge
Non-hazardous waste storage facilities (ISDND): household and similar waste, non-hazardous industrial waste
Industrial methanization: agri-food waste, bio-waste

Développement en laboratoire pour des solutions alternatives de filtration du biogaz

Biogas naturally contains impurities such as H2S and VOCs (particularly siloxanes). Even atlow concentrations, their filtration represents a major challenge due to their multiple impacts:

Technical & financial impacts: sulfur compounds are highly corrosive and can damage recovery equipment, reducing its lifespan. Efficient filtration optimizes the performance of infrastructures, thus optimizing recovery.
Environment: these gases contribute to the acidification of the environment (acid rain), with harmful effects on living organisms. Filtering them also helps prevent odor nuisance, which is perceptible even in low concentrations and can affect air quality.
Health & safety: the challenge is also a health one, as these same compounds can cause health problems because they are toxic to humans.

How can biogas be used?

Heat: for self-consumption, supplying urban or industrial networks, heating buildings (greenhouses, public infrastructures, etc.).
Electricity: production via cogeneration, injection into the electricity grid, self-consumption for industrial sites or farms.
Biomethane: after purification for injection into the natural gas network, production of bioGNV (Natural Gas Vehicle) for green mobility.
Hydrogen production (via biogas reforming): used for mobility or industry.

Why choose biogas?

Reduced carbon footprint: by replacing natural gas with biomethane, we avoid emitting fossil-based greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
Energy sovereignty: using biogas and biomethane contributes to energy independence by diversifying energy sources through local production.
Sustainable waste management: biogas and biomethane production enables organic waste to be recycled.
Local job creation: especially in the methanization and waste-to-energy sectors.

The production and use of biogas is part of an energy transition and sustainable development approach, offering a solution for both waste management and renewable energy production.